ГОСУДАРСТВЕННАЯ ПОДДЕРЖКА МАЛОГО И СРЕДНЕГО БИЗНЕСА НИГЕРИЙСКОЙ ИНДУСТРИИ МОДЫ В УСЛОВИЯХ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ
Ключевые слова:
государственная поддержка, малый средний бизнес, малые и средние предприятия, МСП, цифровизация, цифровая экономика, цифровая трансформация, индустрия моды, модная индустрия, сектор моды, рынок моды, рынок модных товаров, Нигерия, Федеративная Республика Нигерия, ФРН, нигерийская индустрия модыАннотация
Индустрия моды Федеративной Республики Нигерия (ФРН) с её яркой креативностью и растущим спросом представляет собой интереснейший объект экономического исследования, поскольку обладает значительным потенциалом для экономической диверсификации и создания рабочих мест. Однако комплексный анализ индустрии моды в контексте проблематики государственного управления остаётся недостаточно изученным. Целью исследования явилось рассмотрение особенностей государственной поддержки малых и средних предприятий (МСП) в индустрии моды ФРН в условиях цифровой трансформации. Задачи исследования заключаются в определении специфики индустрии моды ФРН как объекта экономического анализа и формирования государственной отраслевой политики, уточнении роли субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства данной индустрии в экономическом развитии страны в контексте цифровой трансформации, проведении системного анализа мер государственной поддержки МСП в ФРН, а также в выявлении ключевых механизмов такой поддержки, непосредственно применяемых в модной индустрии. На основе комплексного контент-анализа определены ключевые характеристики сектора моды ФРН как объекта экономических исследований и разработки государственной отраслевой политики, показана роль МСП в сфере моды в развитии национальной экономики, проведён анализ систем и механизмов государственной поддержки МСП. Показано, что индустрия моды ФРН демонстрирует значимые экономические показатели и является одним из крупнейших работодателей в ненефтяной экономике страны, внося значительный вклад в её диверсификацию. Однако МСП в сфере моды сталкиваются с серьёзными проблемами, включая ограниченный доступ к финансированию, неразвитую инфраструктуру, дефицит квалифицированных кадров и недостаточное взаимодействие между государством и частным сектором. Выявлены специфические характеристики индустрии моды, формирующие уникальные проблемы для разработки государственной отраслевой политики, а именно: уникальность барьеров входа на рынок для субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства, отсутствие сезонности как фактор стратегического ограничения для МСП, внутренние противоречия феномена «быстрой моды» и структурные проблемы информационной асимметрии в рамках данной отрасли. Выявлены три ключевых механизма государственной поддержки отрасли в ФРН: финансовые инструменты, программы нефинансовой поддержки, а также система налоговых льгот и упрощения регуляторных процедур. Показано, что в ФРН созданы институциональные структуры, но сохраняются пробелы в реализации их деятельности: лишь 10 % МСП в сфере моды получает доступ к госкредиту. Показано, что цифровая трансформация создаёт беспрецедентные возможности для субъектов малого и среднего предпринимательства в индустрии моды ФРН посредством платформ электронной коммерции и инструментов цифрового маркетинга, а целенаправленная государственная поддержка данной отрасли усиливает её экономический вклад в программу диверсификации национальной экономики, способствуя позиционированию страны как конкурентоспособного участника глобальных рынков моды.Скачивания
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