ADAPTING THE SYSTEM OF TRAINING CIVIL SERVANTS IN HEALTHCARE TO THE CHALLENGES OF PANDEMICS: LESSONS FROM COVID-19 AND PROMISING MODELS
Keywords:
подготовка госслужащих, здравоохранение, пандемия, COVID-19, антикризисное управление, кадровая политика, компетенции, цифровизацияAbstract
In the context of growing global health threats, the readiness of public health administration personnel to operate effectively in crisis situations has become a critical issue. This article offers a comprehensive analysis of the challenges associated with the training and development of civil servants in the healthcare sector, using the COVID-19 pandemic as a case study. The research identifies essential professional competencies that became especially relevant during the health emergency but were insufficiently developed within the existing training system. The study argues for a shift toward more flexible, adaptive educational models that emphasize crisis management, digital transformation, and system resilience. Particular attention is given to the need for reforming qualification frameworks and updating human resource strategies to better align with contemporary epidemiological and administrative challenges.Downloads
References
1. Brugha, R., Crowe, S., Nyoni, J., et al. Health workforce resilience during COVID-19: Lessons for future public health emergencies // Human Resources for Health. 2021. Vol. 19(1). P. 1-7. DOI: 10.1186/s12960-021-00607-6.
2. Dussault, G., Franceschini, M.C. Not enough there, too many here: understanding geographical imbalances in the distribution of the health workforce // Human Resources for Health. 2006. Vol. 4. Article 12. DOI: 10.1186/1478-4491-4-12.
3. Forman, R., Atun, R., McKee, M., Mossialos, E. 12 lessons learned from the management of the coronavirus pandemic // Health Policy. 2022. Vol. 126(5). P. 401-407. DOI: 10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.02.002.
4. Kickbusch, I., Leung, G.M. Response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A perspective on health system resilience // The Lancet. 2020. Vol. 395(10227). P. 846-848. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30501-2.
5. Zhan, C., Tse, K., Fu, Y., et al. Digital transformation in health services: COVID-19 lessons and policy implications // Journal of Medical Internet Research. 2021. Vol. 23(9). Article e26284. DOI: 10.2196/26284.
6. Liu, Q., Zhang, Y. Training public health leaders in the digital age: insights from the COVID-19 response // BMC Public Health. 2022. Vol. 22(1). P. 1-10. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-022-12677-7.
7. Greer, S.L., Wismar, M., Figueras, J. (Eds.) Strengthening Health System Governance: Better policies, stronger performance. Geneva: WHO, 2021. 288 p.
8. Kuhlmann, E., Dussault, G., Wismar, M. Health workforce governance in Europe: State of the art and principles for a future action agenda. Copenhagen: The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, 2020.
9. Sagan, A., Thomas, S., McKee, M., et al. Health systems resilience during COVID-19: Lessons for building back better. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2021.
10. Nyoni, J., Gedik, F.G. Health workforce development in the WHO African Region: current status and way forward // SAMJ: South African Medical Journal. 2021. Vol. 111(2). P. 128-132. DOI: 10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i2.15491.
11. Агранович М.Л., Романовский И.Б. Подготовка управленческих кадров в здравоохранении: вызовы пандемии COVID-19 // Здравоохранение Российской Федерации. 2021. № 2. С. 18-25.
12. Козлова Н.А., Фролова Е.В. Управление в сфере здравоохранения в условиях пандемии: компетенции, проблемы, перспективы // Государственное управление. Электронный вестник. 2021. № 87. С. 122-137.
13. Гришина Т.Ю. Цифровизация системы здравоохранения: кадровое обеспечение и управленческие риски // Менеджер здравоохранения. 2021. № 4. С. 33-39.
14. Кузнецова О.В., Шаронов А.Г. Роль кризисных коммуникаций в деятельности органов здравоохранения в период пандемии // Вестник РАНХиГС. 2021. № 3. С. 75-84.
15. Мищенко В.П., Акимов А.В. Кадровая политика в здравоохранении в условиях чрезвычайных ситуаций // Национальные интересы: приоритеты и безопасность. 2022. Т. 18, № 2. С. 330-343.
16. ВШГУ РАНХиГС. Аналитический доклад: «Пандемия и вызовы для системы подготовки управленцев в здравоохранении». Москва: РАНХиГС, 2022.
17. Федеральный закон от 27.07.2004 № 79-ФЗ «О государственной гражданской службе Российской Федерации» // Собрание законодательства Российской Федерации. 2004. № 31. Ст. 3215.
18. РАНХиГС. Аналитический доклад: «Кадровое обеспечение в период пандемии: вызовы и решения». Москва: ВШГУ, 2022.
19. Программа повышения квалификации по направлению «Организация здравоохранения». РАНХиГС, 2021.
20. Минздрав России. Методические рекомендации по обучению медицинского персонала и управленцев в условиях распространения новой коронавирусной инфекции (COVID-19). 2020. URL: https://minzdrav.gov.ru.
21. World Health Organization. Strengthening the health system response to COVID-19. WHO Regional Office for Europe, 2020. URL: https://www.who.int.
22. OECD. Public Servants and the Response to COVID-19. 2021. URL: https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus.
23. Cope, S., Hough, D. The State after COVID-19: Preparing Public Administration for Future Crises // Public Policy and Administration. 2020. URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ppa.
24. Boin, A., Hart, P., Stern, E., Sundelius, B. The Politics of Crisis Management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2016. 284 p.
25. Мау В.А. Цифровое государство и вызовы подготовки управленческих кадров // Вопросы государственного и муниципального управления. 2021. № 3.
26. Шамис Е.Ю., Антипин Д.В. Подготовка государственных служащих в условиях санитарно-эпидемиологических рисков: институциональный подход // Вестник Московского университета. Серия 21: Управление (государственное и муниципальное). 2022. № 1. С. 64-73.
1. Brugha, R., Crowe, S., Nyoni, J., et al. (2021). Health workforce resilience during COVID-19: Lessons for future public health emergencies. Human Resources for Health, 19(1), 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12960-021-00607-6.
2. Dussault, G., Franceschini, M.C. (2006). Not enough there, too many here: Understanding geographical imbalances in the distribution of the health workforce. Human Resources for Health, 4(12). https://doi.org/10.1186/1478-4491-4-12.
3. Forman, R., Atun, R., McKee, M., Mossialos, E. (2022). 12 lessons learned from the management of the coronavirus pandemic. Health Policy, 126(5), 401-407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthpol.2022.02.002.
4. Kickbusch, I., Leung, G.M. (2020). Response to the COVID-19 pandemic: A perspective on health system resilience. The Lancet, 395(10227), 846-848. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30501-2.
5. Zhan, C., Tse, K., Fu, Y., et al. (2021). Digital transformation in health services: COVID-19 lessons and policy implications. Journal of Medical Internet Research, 23(9), e26284. https://doi.org/10.2196/26284.
6. Liu, Q., Zhang, Y. (2022). Training public health leaders in the digital age: Insights from the COVID-19 response. BMC Public Health, 22(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12677-7.
7. Greer, S.L., Wismar, M., Figueras, J. (Eds.). (2021). Strengthening Health System Governance: Better policies, stronger performance. Geneva: WHO.
8. Kuhlmann, E., Dussault, G., Wismar, M. (2020). Health workforce governance in Europe: State of the art and principles for a future action agenda. Copenhagen: The European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies.
9. Sagan, A., Thomas, S., McKee, M., et al. (2021). Health systems resilience during COVID-19: Lessons for building back better. Copenhagen: WHO Regional Office for Europe.
10. Nyoni, J., Gedik, F.G. (2021). Health workforce development in the WHO African Region: Current status and way forward. SAMJ: South African Medical Journal, 111(2), 128-132. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAMJ.2021.v111i2.15491.
11. Agranovich, M.L., Romanovskiy, I.B. (2021). Training of managerial personnel in healthcare: Challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic. Healthcare of the Russian Federation, (2), 18-25. (In Russ.)
12. Kozlova, N.A., Frolova, E.V. (2021). Public health management during the pandemic: Competences, problems, prospects. Public Administration E-Journal, 87, 122-137. (In Russ.)
13. Grishina, T.Yu. (2021). Digitalization of the healthcare system: Staffing and management risks. Healthcare Manager, (4), 33-39. (In Russ.)
14. Kuznetsova, O.V., Sharonov, A.G. (2021). Crisis communications in the work of health authorities during the pandemic. Bulletin of RANEPA, (3), 75-84. (In Russ.)
15. Mishchenko, V.P., Akimov, A.V. (2022). Personnel policy in healthcare under emergency conditions. National Interests: Priorities and Security, 18(2), 330-343. (In Russ.)
16. RANEPA Higher School of Public Administration. (2022). Pandemic and challenges for the healthcare management training system: Analytical report. Moscow: RANEPA. (In Russ.)
17. Federal Law of July 27, 2004 No. 79-FZ “On the State Civil Service of the Russian Federation”. (In Russ.)
18. RANEPA. (2022). Analytical report: Staffing during the pandemic – challenges and solutions. Moscow: RANEPA. (In Russ.)
19. RANEPA. (2021). Professional development program in “Healthcare Organization”. (In Russ.)
20. Ministry of Health of Russia. (2020). Methodological guidelines for training medical personnel and administrators during the spread of COVID-19. Retrieved from https://minzdrav.gov.ru (In Russ.)
21. World Health Organization. (2020). Strengthening the health system response to COVID-19. WHO Regional Office for Europe. Retrieved from https://www.who.int
22. OECD. (2021). Public Servants and the Response to COVID-19. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/coronavirus
23. Cope, S., Hough, D. (2020). The State after COVID-19: Preparing public administration for future crises. Public Policy and Administration. Retrieved from https://journals.sagepub.com/home/ppa.
24. Boin, A., Hart, P., Stern, E., Sundelius, B. (2016). The Politics of Crisis Management. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 284 p.
25. Mau, V.A. (2021). Digital state and the challenges of training management personnel. Public and Municipal Administration Issues, (3). (In Russ.)
26. Shamis, E.Yu., Antipin, D.V. (2022). Training civil servants under epidemiological threats: An institutional approach. Moscow University Bulletin. Series 21: Public and Municipal Administration, (1), 64-73. (In Russ.)