OVERCOMING THE GAP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND ACTION: APPLYING THE 4C/ID FRAMEWORK TO DEVELOP DECISION-MAKING SKILLS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Authors

  • Elena Gennadievna Litvak Donetsk Institute of Management – branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education «Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration», Russian Federation, Donetsk People's Republic, 283015, DРR, Donetsk, 163-a Chelyuskintsev str. Автор https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9123-5053 (unauthenticated)

Keywords:

государственное управление, подготовка кадров, модель 4C/ID, комплексные компетенции, учебное проектирование, дальний перенос, система управления обучением (LMS)

Abstract

This article addresses a key methodological challenge in civil servant training: the gap between theoretical knowledge and its application in complex, authentic professional situations. Despite the declared shift toward a competency-based approach, dominant teaching methods remain knowledge-oriented. The aim of the study is to propose and test a methodological tool for bridging this gap – a four-component instructional design (4C/ID) model. Using the design of training cases for key competencies ("Development of Government Programs" and "Resolving Conflicts of Interest"), a comparative analysis with traditional teaching methods is conducted. The results demonstrate that the 4C/ID model systematically develops the ability to integrate knowledge, digital, and soft skills to solve holistic professional problems, thereby ensuring the effective transfer of training to practice. The study's conclusions include a substantiation of the 4C/ID model's potential for modernizing the civil servant training system and the formulation of the task of developing a specialized IT solution commensurate with the model's methodological potential. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the adaptation of an internationally recognized model of pedagogical design to the context of Russian public administration.
Received: 10 September 2025 · Revised: 30 October 2025 · Accepted: 9 December 2025

Agencies

the research was carried out within the framework of the fundamental research work «Development of scientific and methodological foundations for effective management and the choice of a rational strategy for the innovative development of modern open systems» (R&D registration number 124012900539-6) at the expense of subsidies for financial support of the state task for the provision of public services (performance of works) for 2025.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Барышников М.Ю. Проблемы и перспективы подготовки кадров государственной гражданской службы // Прогрессивная экономика. 2024. № 8 С. 225-235. DOI: 10.54861/27131211_2024_8_225.

Костин А.С. Системы обучения государственных служащих: проблемы и пути их решения // Гуманитарный научный журнал. 2025. № 5-1. C. 514-519. DOI: 10.24412/2078-9661-2025-5-1-29. EDN: DMRRWK.

Кремер К.И., Мамистова Е.А., Филоненко Н.В. Обучение государственных служащих как направление развития их профессиональных компетенций // Современная экономика: проблемы и решения. 2023. № 9(165). С. 79-94. DOI: 10.17308/meps/2078-9017/2023/9/79-94.

Зайцева Т.В. Квалификационный и компетентностный подходы на государственной гражданской службе: квалификация как базис, компетенция как цель // Государственное управление. Электронный вестник. 2024. № 107. С. 206-222. DOI: 10.55959/MSU2070-1381-107-2024-206-222.

Кожевникова Л.В. Старовойтова И.Е. Факторы модернизации системы образовательной подготовки государственных служащих в России // Образование и право. 2024. № 2. С. 365-369. DOI: 10.24412/2076-1503-2024-2-365-369.

Чепухалина М.А. Ключевые компетенции государственного служащего будущего (коллективный портрет служащего нового времени) // Инновации и инвестиции. 2022. № 1. С. 60-64. EDN: QNPZEE.

Скворцова Л.И., Воробьёва И.Н., Иванов И.А., Казакова О.А., Симоненко Е.Н., Юкляевская О.В. Результаты исследования особенностей профессионального развития и обучения государственных гражданских служащих // Управление трансформацией социально-экономического пространства территорий: тенденции, проблемы, перспективы. Материалы научно-практической конференции. 2018. Вологда: Вологодский филиал РАНХиГС. С. 45-57. EDN: XNPIGL.

Ван Мериенбур Й., Киршнер П.А. Десять шагов комплексного обучения: Четырёхкомпонентная модель дизайна обучения. 2023. 454 с.

Лелюх А.Б., Фёдорова Е.Н. Проектирование гибридных образовательных программ с использованием модели 4C/ID // Образование и качество жизни. Образование и качество жизни. 2023. № 3. С. 13-21.

Другова Е.А., Ваниев А.И. Проектирование обучения с применением четырёхкомпонентной модели педагогического дизайна (4C/ID) в высшем образовании: обзор исследований // Вестник Российского университета дружбы народов. Серия: Психология и педагогика. 2023. Т. 20. No 4. С. 747-771. http://doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2023-20-4747-771.

Принципалова О.В. Интеграция модели 4C/ID при обучении аудированию в образовательную среду в вузе // Проблемы современного педагогического образования. 2025. № 86-1. С. 329-331

Алдошин М.О. Профессиональное развитие кадров государственного и муниципального управления Московской области посредством компетентностного подхода // Управление экономическими системами. 2023. № 3(43). С. 4-8.

Baryshnikov, M.Yu. (2024). Problems and prospects of training personnel for the state civil service // Progressive Economy. No. 8. 225-235. DOI: 10.54861/27131211_2024_8_225. (In Russ)

Kostin, A.S. (2025). Training systems for civil servants: problems and solutions // Humanitarian scientific journal. No. 5-1. 514-519. DOI: 10.24412/2078-9661-2025-5-1-29. EDN: DMRRWK. (In Russ)

Kremer, K.I., Mamistova, E.A., Filonenko, N.V. (2023). Training of civil servants as a direction for developing their professional competencies // Modern Economy: Problems and Solutions. No. 9(165). 79-94. DOI: 10.17308/meps/2078-9017/2023/9/79-94. (In Russ)

Zaitseva, T.V. (2024). Qualification and competence-based approaches in the state civil service: qualification as a basis, competence as a goal // Public administration. Electronic bulletin. No. 107. 206-222. DOI: 10.55959/MSU2070-1381-107-2024-206-222. (In Russ)

Kozhevnikova, L.V. Starovoitova, I.E. (2024). Factors of modernization of the system of educational training of civil servants in Russia // Education and Law. No. 2. 365-369. DOI: 10.24412/2076-1503-2024-2-365-369. (In Russ)

Chepukhalina, M.A. (2022). Key competencies of the civil servant of the future (collective portrait of the civil servant of the new era) // Innovations and Investments. No. 1. 60-64. EDN: QNPZEE. (In Russ)

Bransford, J.D., Brown, A.L., & Cocking, R.R. (Eds.). (2000). How people learn: Brain, mind, experience, and school. National Academy Press. 385 p.

Skvortsova, L.I., Vorobyeva, I.N., Ivanov, I.A., Kazakova, O.A., Simonenko, E.N., Yuklyaevskaya, O.V. (2018). Results of the study of the features of professional development and training of state civil servants // Managing the transformation of the socio-economic space of territories: trends, problems, prospects. Materials of the scientific and practical conference. Vologda branch of RANEPA. 45-57. EDN: XNPIGL (In Russ)

Van Merriënboer, J.J.G., Kirschner, P.A., Frèrejean, J. (2024). Ten Steps to Complex Learning: a Systematic Approach to Four-Component Instructional Design (4th Edition). New York: Routledge. 465 p. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003322481.

Costa, J.M., Miranda, G.L., Melo, M. (2021). Four‑component instructional design (4C/ID) model: a meta‑analysis on use and effect // Learning Environments Research. Vol. 25. 445-463. DOI: 10.1007/s10984-021-09373-y.

Janssen-Noordman, A.M.B., Van Merriënboer J.J.G., Van der Vleuten C.P.M., Scherpbier, A.J.J.A. (2006). Design of integrated practice for learning professional competencies // Medical Teacher. No 28(5). P. 447-452.

Frerejean, J., Van Merriënboer J.J.G., Kirschner, P.A., Roex, A., Aertgeerts, B., Marcellis, M. Designing instruction for complex learning: 4C/ID in higher education // European Journal of Education. 2019. No 54(4). P. 513-524.

Van Merriënboer, J. J. G., Clark, R. E., & de Croock, M. B. M. (2002). Blueprints for complex learning: The 4C/ID-model. Educational Technology Research and Development, 50(2). 39-61.

Kester, L., Kirschner, P., & van Merriënboer, J. (2004). Information presentation and troubleshooting in electrical circuits. International Journal of Science Education, 26(6), 239-256. https://doi.org/10. 1080/69032000072809.

Van Merriënboer, J.J.G., & Kester L. (2005). The four-component instructional design model: Multimedia principles in environments for complex learning. In R. E. Mayer (Ed.). The Cambridge handbook of multimedia learning (pp. 71-93). Cambridge University Press.

Kucharuck, A., Goda, Y., Suzuki, K. (2023) Designing an online pd program with 4C/ID from scratch // International journal of designs for learning. Vol. 4, No 2. P. 72-86.

Lelyukh, A.B., Fedorova, E.N. (2023). Designing hybrid educational programs using the 4C/ID model // Education and quality of life. Education and quality of life. No. 3. 13-21. (In Russ)

Drugova, E.A., Vaniev, A.I. (2023). Designing learning using the four-component model of instructional design (4C/ID) in higher education: a research review // Bulletin of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia. Series: Psychology and Pedagogy. Vol 20. No. 4. 747-771. http://doi.org/10.22363/2313-1683-2023-20-4747-771. (In Russ)

Principalova, O.V. (2025). Integration of the 4C/ID model in teaching listening in the educational environment at the university // Problems of modern pedagogical education. No. 86-1. 329-331. (In Russ)

Aldoshin, M.O. (2023). Professional development of personnel of state and municipal administration of the Moscow region through a competency-based approach // Management of economic systems. No. 3(43). 4-8. (In Russ)

Downloads

Published

2025-04-15

Issue

Section

Статьи

How to Cite

Litvak E.G. OVERCOMING THE GAP BETWEEN KNOWLEDGE AND ACTION: APPLYING THE 4C/ID FRAMEWORK TO DEVELOP DECISION-MAKING SKILLS IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION // Public Administration & Law. 2025. Vol. 8, no. 4. P. 140–152.